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![Steels for surface hardening](/images/uploads/f7c1926e-cd43-4659-9ad4-854b71acc60b/steels-for-surface-hardening-category-induction-hardened-shaft-1920x1080.jpg)

Category · 13 grades

# Steels for surface hardening

Steels for surface hardening are steels designed to develop a hard, wear-resistant surface while retaining a tougher interior. They are used for gears, shafts and other machine parts where resistance to surface wear is needed together with resistance to impact and bending.

| Grade | Material no. | C | P | S | Mn | Si | Cr |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| [C50D](/materials/din-en/c50d "C50D") | [1.0586](/materials/material-no/1.0586 "1.0586") | 0,48-0,53 | 0,03 | 0,03 | 0,50-0,80 | 0,10-0,30 | ≤0,15 |
| [1.1183](/materials/material-no/1.1183 "1.1183") | [1.1183](/materials/material-no/1.1183 "1.1183") | 0,33-0,39 | 0,025 | 0,035 | 0,50-0,80 | 0,15-0,35 | — |
| [C45G](/materials/din-en/c45g "C45G") | [1.1193](/materials/material-no/1.1193 "1.1193") | 0,43-0,49 | 0,025 | 0,035 | 0,50-0,80 | 0,15-0,35 | — |
| [C53E](/materials/din-en/c53e "C53E") | [1.1210](/materials/material-no/1.1210 "1.1210") | 0,50-0,57 | 0,035 | 0,035 | 0,60-0,90 | ≤0,40 | — |
| [1.1213](/materials/material-no/1.1213 "1.1213") | [1.1213](/materials/material-no/1.1213 "1.1213") | 0,50-0,57 | 0,025 | 0,035 | 0,40-0,70 | 0,15-0,35 | — |
| [C50R](/materials/din-en/c50r "C50R") | [1.1241](/materials/material-no/1.1241 "1.1241") | 0,47-0,55 | 0,03 | 0,020-0,040 | 0,60-0,90 | ≤0,40 | ≤0,40 |
| [C70G](/materials/din-en/c70g "C70G") | [1.1249](/materials/material-no/1.1249 "1.1249") | 0,68-0,75 | 0,025 | 0,035 | 0,20-0,35 | 0,15-0,35 | — |
| [45Cr2](/materials/din-en/45cr2 "45Cr2") | [1.7005](/materials/material-no/1.7005 "1.7005") | 0,42-0,48 | 0,025 | 0,035 | 0,50-0,80 | 0,15-0,40 | 0,40-0,60 |
| [38Cr4](/materials/din-en/38cr4 "38Cr4") | [1.7043](/materials/material-no/1.7043 "1.7043") | 0,34-0,40 | 0,025 | 0,035 | 0,60-0,90 | 0,15-0,40 | 0,90-1,20 |
| [1.7045](/materials/material-no/1.7045 "1.7045") | [1.7045](/materials/material-no/1.7045 "1.7045") | 0,38-0,44 | 0,025 | 0,035 | 0,50-0,80 | 0,15-0,40 | 0,90-1,20 |
| [1.7223](/materials/material-no/1.7223 "1.7223") | [1.7223](/materials/material-no/1.7223 "1.7223") | 0,38-0,44 | 0,025 | 0,035 | 0,50-0,80 | 0,15-0,40 | 0,90-1,20 |
| [49CrMo4](/materials/din-en/49crmo4 "49CrMo4") | [1.7238](/materials/material-no/1.7238 "1.7238") | 0,46-0,52 | 0,025 | 0,035 | 0,50-0,80 | 0,15-0,40 | 0,90-1,20 |
| [G10500](/materials/uns/g10500 "G10500") | [1.9505](/materials/material-no/1.9505 "1.9505") | 0,48-0,55 | 0,03 | 0,05 | 0,60-0,90 | — | — |

## Standards covering this category

 18

- [**DIN / EN***12 grades*](/materials/din-en "DIN / EN — 12 grades in this category")
- [**AISI / SAE***10 grades*](/materials/aisi-sae "AISI / SAE — 10 grades in this category")
- [**BS***8 grades*](/materials/bs "BS — 8 grades in this category")
- [**JIS***8 grades*](/materials/jis "JIS — 8 grades in this category")
- [**UNS***7 grades*](/materials/uns "UNS — 7 grades in this category")
- [**GOST***7 grades*](/materials/gost "GOST — 7 grades in this category")
- [**UNI***6 grades*](/materials/uni "UNI — 6 grades in this category")
- [**ČSN***6 grades*](/materials/csn "ČSN — 6 grades in this category")
- [**AFNOR***5 grades*](/materials/afnor "AFNOR — 5 grades in this category")
- [**GB***5 grades*](/materials/gb "GB — 5 grades in this category")
- [**ISO***4 grades*](/materials/iso "ISO — 4 grades in this category")
- [**SS***4 grades*](/materials/ss "SS — 4 grades in this category")
- [**ASTM***2 grades*](/materials/astm "ASTM — 2 grades in this category")
- [**UNE***2 grades*](/materials/une "UNE — 2 grades in this category")
- [**PN***1 grade*](/materials/pn "PN — 1 grade in this category")
- [**STAS***1 grade*](/materials/stas "STAS — 1 grade in this category")
- [**BDS***1 grade*](/materials/bds "BDS — 1 grade in this category")
- [**NBN***1 grade*](/materials/nbn "NBN — 1 grade in this category")

## Property ranges

 16

| Property | Unit | Min | Max | Grades |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rm | N/mm² | 590 | 1100 | 2 |
| Re | N/mm² | 395 | 735 | 1 |
| A | % | 5 | 14 | 1 |
| A5 | % | 10 | 15 | 1 |
| Z | % | 35 | 50 | 1 |
| KCU | kJ/m² | 490 | 880 | 1 |
| HB | — | 181 | 269 | 2 |
| rho | g/cm³ | 7.66 | 7.85 | 13 |
| E | GPa | 135 | 215 | 1 |
| alpha | 10^-6/K | 11.8 | 14.6 | 1 |
| lambda | W/(m·K) | 28 | 37 | 1 |
| cp | J/(kg·K) | 466 | 664 | 1 |
| Ac1 | °C | 760 | 760 | 1 |
| Ac3 | °C | 800 | 800 | 1 |
| Ar3 | °C | 725 | 725 | 1 |
| Ar1 | °C | 680 | 680 | 1 |

Derived from 13 grades in this category with a recorded value.

## Composition range

 10

| Property | Unit | Min | Max | Grades |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| C | % | 0.33 | 0.75 | 13 |
| Al | % | 0.01 | 0.01 | 1 |
| Si | % | 0.1 | 0.4 | 12 |
| P | % | 0.025 | 0.035 | 13 |
| S | % | 0.02 | 0.05 | 13 |
| Cr | % | 0.15 | 1.2 | 7 |
| Mn | % | 0.2 | 0.9 | 13 |
| Ni | % | 0.2 | 0.4 | 2 |
| Cu | % | 0.25 | 0.25 | 1 |
| Mo | % | 0.05 | 0.3 | 4 |

Derived from 13 grades in this category with a recorded value.

## Heat treatment

 3

| Operation | Min Temperature (°C) | Max Temperature (°C) | Grades |
|---|---|---|---|
| tempering | — | — | 1 |
| quenching | — | — | 1 |
| normalizing | — | — | 1 |

## Related guides

 5

- [**Case Hardening Methods for Steel**](/wiki/heat-treatment/case-hardening-methods-for-steel "Case Hardening Methods for Steel")
- [**Steel Tempering Response and Secondary Hardening**](/wiki/heat-treatment/steel-tempering-response-and-secondary-hardening "Steel Tempering Response and Secondary Hardening")
- [**Steel Tolerances, Surface Condition, and Dimensional Acceptance**](/wiki/reading-a-datasheet/steel-tolerances-surface-condition-and-dimensional-acceptance "Steel Tolerances, Surface Condition, and Dimensional Acceptance")
- [**Steel Heat Treatment Atmospheres and Surface Protection**](/wiki/heat-treatment/steel-heat-treatment-atmospheres-and-surface-protection "Steel Heat Treatment Atmospheres and Surface Protection")
- [**Steel Surface Defects and Inspection Methods**](/wiki/reading-a-datasheet/steel-surface-defects-and-inspection-methods "Steel Surface Defects and Inspection Methods")