--- title: "1.0254 — Unalloyed structural steels" description: "1.0254 is the material number of the grade also listed as P235TR1. Category: Unalloyed structural steels. Designations recorded for this grade: 11." canonical: https://steelequivalents.com/materials/material-no/1.0254 language: en robots: index, follow og_type: website type: material-detail language_alternates: en: https://steelequivalents.com/materials/material-no/1.0254.md cs: https://steelequivalents.com/cs/materiály/číslo-materiálu/1.0254.md de: https://steelequivalents.com/de/werkstoffe/werkstoff-nr/1.0254.md es: https://steelequivalents.com/es/materiales/número-de-material/1.0254.md fr: https://steelequivalents.com/fr/matériaux/numéro-de-matériau/1.0254.md hu: https://steelequivalents.com/hu/anyagok/anyagszám/1.0254.md it: https://steelequivalents.com/it/materiali/numero-materiale/1.0254.md nl: https://steelequivalents.com/nl/materialen/materiaalnummer/1.0254.md pl: https://steelequivalents.com/pl/materiały/numer-materiału/1.0254.md pt: https://steelequivalents.com/pt/materiais/número-do-material/1.0254.md ru: https://steelequivalents.com/ru/материалы/номер-материала/1.0254.md tr: https://steelequivalents.com/tr/malzemeler/malzeme-numarası/1.0254.md zh: https://steelequivalents.com/zh/材料/材料编号/1.0254.md ja: https://steelequivalents.com/ja/材料/材料番号/1.0254.md ar: https://steelequivalents.com/ar/المواد/رقم-المادة/1.0254.md ko: https://steelequivalents.com/ko/재료/재료번호/1.0254.md pt-br: https://steelequivalents.com/pt-br/materiais/número-do-material/1.0254.md hi: https://steelequivalents.com/hi/सामग्री/सामग्री-संख्या/1.0254.md content_hash: sha256:ad6866bdfe9504772da17dab83b9ca55f14662cd3019ea9f54bdc7d5261cef9f generated: 2026-09-24 --- > **Machine-readable Markdown rendering.** This is a Markdown representation of a web page, > served for AI agents and crawlers as a token-efficient alternative to the full HTML. > Full interactive HTML version: https://steelequivalents.com/materials/material-no/1.0254 > Canonical URL: https://steelequivalents.com/materials/material-no/1.0254 > Available languages: en, cs, de, es, fr, hu, it, nl, pl, pt, ru, tr, zh, ja, ar, ko, pt-br, hi > Change detection: `content_hash` is the SHA-256 of this document's Markdown body — everything > below this block, whitespace-trimmed, excluding the front-matter. Compare it to detect a real > content change; `generated` moves on every render and is not a change signal. Material number · Europe · 11 designations # 1.0254 1.0254 is the material number of the grade also listed as P235TR1. It is a material in the category Unalloyed structural steels. We list 11 designations recorded for this grade, in the standards DIN / EN, UNS, AISI / SAE, ASTM, JIS, GB and ČSN. - ***Material no.* **1.0254**** - [*Category* **Unalloyed structural steels · 452 grades**](/categories/unalloyed-structural-steels "Category: Unalloyed structural steels · 452 grades") - *Designations* **11** [Search](/search "Steel grade search")[Inquiry](/inquiry?material=ace6a382-84dc-433b-b40c-dfc7c4565381 "Inquiry")[**Datasheet as PDF** Print-ready A4 document **Generating …** **Download started** **Try again**](/materials/material-no/1.0254.pdf "Datasheet as PDF") ## If you came for one of these The most-used names for this grade. - [DIN / EN P235TR1 This grade’s own name](/materials/din-en/p235tr1 "DIN / EN P235TR1") - [UNS K02501 This grade’s own name · 5 grades on that route](/materials/uns/k02501 "UNS K02501") ## About Unalloyed structural steels Unalloyed structural steels include all low-carbon steels in which the iron companions do not exceed specified minimum values. The yield strength, formability and weldability are the decisive factors for their use. They are soft, pliable, tough and stretchy, but cannot be hardened by heat treatment. This describes the material class as a whole. Always confirm the individual grade against the standard before ordering. ## Also known as 11 designations · 7 standards · nothing hidden This grade’s own name recorded in our sources as this grade’s own designation under that standard. Indicative taken from a published cross-reference table; a close match, not a guarantee of interchangeability. Verify against the mill certificate before ordering. Withdrawn designation no longer current — a separate column from the two above, so a name can be same grade and withdrawn at once. Superseded by the current name this withdrawn designation was replaced by — the same grade under its present designation, the one to order by today. DIN / EN Europe · 4 - **1.0254 Indicative** - [P235TR1 This grade’s own name](/materials/din-en/p235tr1 "DIN / EN P235TR1") - [S235 Indicative](/materials/gost/s235 "DIN / EN S235") - [St 37.0 This grade’s own name Withdrawn](/materials/din-en/st-37-0 "DIN / EN St 37.0")Superseded by P235T1 UNS United States · 2 - [K02501 This grade’s own name](/materials/uns/k02501 "UNS K02501") - [K02504 This grade’s own name](/materials/uns/k02504 "UNS K02504") AISI / SAE United States · 1 - [1020 Indicative](/materials/aisi-sae/1020 "AISI / SAE 1020") ASTM United States · 1 - [A 53 Grade A Indicative](/materials/astm/a-53-grade-a "ASTM A 53 Grade A") JIS Japan · 1 - [S20C Indicative](/materials/jis/s20c "JIS S20C") GB China · 1 - [20 Indicative](/materials/bds/20 "GB 20") ČSN Czechia · 1 - [11353 Indicative](/materials/csn/11353 "ČSN 11353") Every designation on file is listed — no truncation, no “+ n more”. Each one is itself a route that leads back here. ## Chemical composition 12 elements on file · weight % What this alloy is Fe Mn Si Cr Iron — the balance, never listed by a standard — 97.2 % Mn — 1.2 % Si — 0.4 % Cr — 0.3 % Traces & impurities · 1 % Logarithmic scale, 0.01 % to 100 % — every value here compares directly, decade by decade. | Element | % by weight | |---|---| | C | ≤ 0.16 | | Si | ≤ 0.35 | | Mn | ≤ 1.2 | | P | 0.025 | | S | 0.02 | | Cr | ≤ 0.3 | | Mo | ≤ 0.08 | | Ni | ≤ 0.3 | | V | ≤ 0.02 | | Cu | ≤ 0.3 | | Ti | ≤ 0.04 | | Nb | ≤ 0.01 | Carbon Silicon Manganese Phosphorus Sulfur Chromium Molybdenum Nickel Vanadium Copper Titanium Niobium 0.01 % 0.1 % 1 % 10 % 100 % The scale is logarithmic, not the element’s raw share of the alloy — the only honest way to fit 0.01 % and 100 % in one picture, and it means every value here can be compared with every other. | Element | As published source text, verbatim | Min% by weight | Max% by weight | Bound | |---|---|---|---|---| | C | ≤0,16 | — | 0.160 | Max | | Si | ≤0,35 | — | 0.350 | Max | | P | 0,025 | 0.025 | 0.025 | Exact | | S | 0,02 | 0.020 | 0.020 | Exact | | Ti | ≤0,04 | — | 0.040 | Max | | V | ≤0,02 | — | 0.020 | Max | | Cr | ≤0,30 | — | 0.300 | Max | | Mn | ≤1,20 | — | 1.200 | Max | | Ni | ≤0,30 | — | 0.300 | Max | | Cu | ≤0,30 | — | 0.300 | Max | | Nb | ≤0,010 | — | 0.010 | Max | | Mo | ≤0,08 | — | 0.080 | Max | The published column is the source string byte-for-byte, decimal comma and all; Min and Max are the parsed bounds. Elements not listed have no value on file — they are omitted, never inferred. ## Predicted transformation temperatures computed from composition · °C Predicted Ae3 819 °C Predicted Ae1 717 °C Predicted Acm 399 °C Predicted Bs 568 °C These four temperatures are a CALCULATION from this grade's own composition, using the published Li, Niebuhr, Meekisho & Atteridge (1998) model — never a measurement, and computed from the UPPER BOUND of each element's specified range, not a mid-range figure. Where this grade also has a measured transformation point (Ac1, Ac3, Ar1, Ar3) on file, it is shown separately, in Physical & mechanical properties, and is never replaced by the predicted figures here — Ae (predicted, equilibrium) and Ac/Ar (measured, on heating or cooling) are different physical quantities and can differ by tens of degrees; a mismatch between the two is not an error in either. ## Physical & mechanical properties Density 7,85 g/cm³ Exact Transformation point Ac1 724 °C Exact Transformation point Ac3 845 °C Exact · Ac3(Acm) Transformation point Ar3 815 °C Exact · Ar3(Arcm) Transformation point Ar1 682 °C Exact Weldability readily weldable As published: without limitations. Flake sensitivity not susceptible As published: not predisposed Temper brittleness not susceptible As published: not predisposed An absent property means we hold no value for it — it is left out rather than estimated, interpolated from a neighbouring grade, or filled from a handbook. It does not mean the property is undefined for the material. ## Properties by condition 5 conditions · 87 values By delivery state**no delivery state stated** source `splav` | Delivery state | Rm N/mm² | Re N/mm² | A5% | Z% | KCU kJ/m² | HB | |---|---|---|---|---|---|---| | Pipe hot strain, GOST 550-75 | 431 | 255 | 22 | 50 | 780 | — | | Pipe, GOST 8731-87 | 412 | 245 | 21 | — | — | — | | Pipe, GOST 10705-80 | 372 | 225 | 22 | — | — | — | | Rolled stock cold-worked , GOST 1050-88 | 490 | — | 7 | 40 | — | — | | Rolled stock annealed , GOST 1050-88 | 390 | — | 21 | 50 | — | — | | Band annealed , GOST 2284-79 | 310 – 540 | — | 18 | — | — | — | | Band cold-worked , GOST 2284-79 | 490 – 830 | — | — | — | — | — | | (annealing) , GOST 1050-88 | — | — | — | — | — | 163 | | (cold-drawn, cold-worked) , GOST 1050-88 | — | — | — | — | — | 207 | | Sheet GOST 4041-71 | — | — | — | — | — | 127 | | Pipe GOST 550-75 | — | — | — | — | — | 156 | | Pipe GOST 8731-87 | — | — | — | — | — | 156 | | Sheet trick GOST 1577-93 | — | — | — | — | — | 156 | By thickness**no delivery state stated** source `steelnumber` | Thickness mm | ReH N/mm² | |---|---| | ≤ 16 | 235 | | 16 – 40 | 225 | | 40 – 60 | 215 | By dimension**no delivery state stated** source `splav` | Dimension mm | Rm N/mm² | A5% | |---|---|---| | 4 - 14 | 340 – 490 | 28 | By dimension**Normalizing** source `splav` | Dimension mm | Rm N/mm² | Re N/mm² | A5% | Z% | |---|---|---|---|---| | to 80 | 410 | 245 | 25 | 55 | At temperature**no delivery state stated** source `splav` | Temperature °C | Density g/cm³ | Elastic modulus GPa | Thermal expansion coefficient 10^-6/K | Thermal conductivity W/(m·K) | Specific heat capacity J/(kg·K) | Electrical resistivity nΩ·m | |---|---|---|---|---|---|---| | 20 | 7.859 | 213 | — | 52 | — | — | | 100 | 7.834 | 203 | 11.6 | 50.6 | 486 | 219 | | 200 | 7.803 | 199 | 12.6 | 48.6 | 498 | 292 | | 300 | 7.77 | 190 | 13.1 | 46.2 | 514 | 381 | | 400 | 7.736 | 182 | 13.6 | 42.8 | 533 | 487 | | 500 | 7.699 | 172 | 14.1 | 39.1 | 555 | 601 | | 600 | 7.659 | 160 | 14.6 | 35.8 | 584 | 758 | | 700 | 7.617 | — | 14.8 | 32 | 636 | 925 | | 800 | 7.624 | — | 12.9 | — | 703 | 1094 | | 900 | 7.6 | — | — | — | 703 | 1135 | | 1000 | — | — | — | — | 695 | — | Every figure holds only for the condition on its own row. Values are never merged across conditions or across sources, never averaged, and never interpolated between two rows. An em dash means no value on file — never zero. Figures are converted to the unit in the column header; the source’s own wording is kept and shown where the two differ. ## Similar grades — and why Selection rule, stated so you can disagree with it: same number class 1.0, a shared category, and a published range for Mn / Si that overlaps this grade’s. These are neighbours in composition space — they are not equivalents, and none is claimed to be interchangeable with this grade. [E260 1.0220 Mn ≤1,20 · Si ≤0,35 - ΔMn 0.00 - ΔSi 0.00 - 3 designations](/materials/din-en/e260 "E260")[L235 1.0252 Mn ≤1,20 · Si ≤0,35 - ΔMn 0.00 - ΔSi 0.00 - 1 designations](/materials/din-en/l235 "L235")[P235TR2 1.0255 Mn ≤1,20 · Si ≤0,35 - ΔMn 0.00 - ΔSi 0.00 - 4 designations](/materials/din-en/p235tr2 "P235TR2")[E235 1.0308 Mn ≤1,20 · Si ≤0,35 - ΔMn 0.00 - ΔSi 0.00 - 69 designations](/materials/din-en/e235 "E235")[1.0305 1.0305 Mn 0,40-0,80 · Si 0,10-0,35 - ΔMn 0.00 - ΔSi 0.05 - 16 designations](/materials/material-no/1.0305 "1.0305")[P235G2TH 1.0315 Mn 0,40-0,80 · Si 0,10-0,35 - ΔMn 0.00 - ΔSi 0.05 - 7 designations](/materials/din-en/p235g2th "P235G2TH") ## Looking for this grade under another name? Search the catalogue by designation, material number or composition — every name on this page is itself a way in. 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