Diğerleri
Bunlar, daha özel bir malzeme ailesine girmeyen ve demir, nikel, kobalt, bakır veya diğer alaşım sistemleri esaslı olabilen çeşitli metalik alaşımlardır. Mukavemet, sertlik, tokluk, aşınma direnci veya zorlu kullanım koşullarına direnç özelliklerinin belirli bileşimlerinin gerekli olduğu uygulamalar için seçilirler.
| Kalite | Malzeme no. | C | Mn | Si | Ni | Fe | Cu |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SAE 1037 | 1.9501 | 0,32-0,38 | 0,70-1,00 | — | — | — | — |
| G10460 | 1.9504 | 0,43-0,50 | 0,70-1,00 | — | — | — | — |
| SAE 1045 | 1.9504 | 0,43-0,50 | 0,60-0,90 | — | — | — | — |
| SAE 1049 | 1.9505 | 0,46-0,53 | 0,60-0,90 | — | — | — | — |
| A 572 Grade 42 | 1.9516 | ≤0,21 | ≤1,35 | ≤0,40 | — | — | — |
| A 572 Grade 50 | 1.9517 | ≤0,23 | ≤1,35 | ≤0,40 | — | — | — |
| SAE 1055 | 1.9518 | 0,50-0,60 | 0,60-0,90 | — | — | — | — |
| A 572 Grade 60 | 1.9519 | ≤0,26 | ≤1,35 | ≤0,40 | — | — | — |
| A 537 Class 2 | 1.9533 | ≤0,24 | 0,70-1,60 | 0,15-0,50 | 0,25 | — | ≤0,04 |
| A 537 Class 1 | 1.9533 | ≤0,24 | 0,70-1,60 | 0,15-0,50 | 0,25 | — | ≤0,35 |
| SAE 1070 | 1.9613 | 0,65-0,75 | 0,60-0,90 | — | — | — | — |
| SAE 1095 | 1.9618 | 0,90-1,03 | 0,30-0,50 | — | — | — | — |
| SAE 1117 | 1.9705 | 0,14-0,20 | 1,00-1,30 | — | — | — | — |
| SAE 1146 | 1.9708 | 0,42-0,49 | 0,70-1,00 | — | — | — | — |
| SAE 12L14 | 1.9718 | ≤0,15 | 0,85-1,15 | — | — | — | — |
| SAE 1137 | 1.9737 | 0,32-0,39 | 1,35-1,65 | — | — | — | — |
| NiMn 1 | 2.4106 | ≤0,15 | 0,40-1,00 | ≤0,25 | ≥98,0 | ≤0,50 | ≤0,50 |
| NiMn1C | 2.4108 | 0,15-0,25 | 0,70-1,30 | ≤0,25 | ≥98,0 | ≤0,50 | ≤0,50 |
| NiMn 2 | 2.4110 | ≤0,05 | 1,50-2,50 | ≤0,25 | ≥97,0 | ≤0,35 | ≤0,25 |
| NiMn 5 | 2.4116 | ≤0,15 | 4,25-5,25 | ≤0,15 | ≥94,0 | ≤0,35 | ≤0,25 |
| NiMn 3 Al | 2.4122 | ≤0,05 | 1,00-3,00 | 1,00-2,00 | ≥94,0 | ≤0,30 | ≤0,10 |
| NiMn 3 Si | 2.4125 | ≤0,10 | 2,00-4,00 | ≤2,00 | ≥94,0 | ≤1,00 | ≤0,50 |
| NiMn 3 SiMg | 2.4126 | ≤0,10 | 2,00-4,00 | ≤2,00 | ≥94,0 | ≤1,00 | ≤0,50 |
| NiCr 2 Mn | 2.4145 | ≤0,10 | 1,20-2,50 | ≤0,60 | ≥95,0 | ≤2,00 | ≤0,50 |
| NiCr2MnSi | 2.4146 | ≤0,05 | 1,30-1,80 | 0,40-0,65 | ≥95,5 | ≤0,30 | ≤0,15 |
| NiCr 5 MnSi | 2.4151 | ≤0,10 | 2,00-4,00 | ≤2,00 | ≥90,0 | ≤1,00 | ≤0,50 |
| SG-NiTi 4 | 2.4155 | ≤0,05 | ≤0,80 | ≤0,80 | ≥93,0 | ≤0,70 | ≤0,20 |
| EL-NiTi 3 | 2.4156 | ≤0,10 | ≤0,80 | ≤1,20 | ≥92,0 | ≤0,70 | ≤0,20 |
| G-Ni 95 | 2.4170 | ≤1,00 | ≤1,50 | ≤2,00 | ≥95,0 | ≤1,00 | ≤1,20 |
| G-Ni 93C | 2.4175 | 1,00-2,50 | ≤1,50 | ≤2,00 | ≥93,0 | ≤1,00 | ≤1,20 |
| G-Ni 90Si | 2.4180 | ≤1,00 | ≤1,50 | 5,50-6,50 | ≥90,0 | ≤1,00 | ≤1,20 |
| NiMn4Si | 2.4190 | ≤0,10 | 3,00-5,00 | 0,50-1,50 | Rest/Bal. | ≤0,50 | ≤0,20 |
| NiCu30FeS | 2.4363 | ≤0,30 | ≤2,00 | ≤0,50 | 63,0-70 | ≤2,50 | 28,0-34,0 |
| G-NiCu 30 Nb | 2.4365 | ≤0,15 | 0,50-1,50 | 0,50-1,50 | 62,0-68,0 | 1,00-2,50 | 26,0-33,0 |
| EL-NiCu30Mn | 2.4366 | ≤0,15 | 1,00-4,00 | ≤1,00 | ≥62,0 | 0,50-2,50 | 27,0-34,0 |
| G-NiCu 30Si3 | 2.4367 | ≤0,25 | — | 2,70-3,70 | 61,0-68,0 | 1,00-2,50 | 27,0-33,0 |
| G-NiCu 30Si4 | 2.4368 | ≤0,25 | 0,50-1,50 | 3,50-4,50 | 60,0-68,0 | 1,00-2,50 | 27,0-31,0 |
| NiCu30Ti | 2.4370 | ≤0,15 | ≤1,00 | ≤1,50 | 62,0-69,0 | ≤2,50 | Rest/Bal. |
| SG-NiCu 30 Al | 2.4373 | ≤0,20 | ≤1,50 | ≤1,00 | ≥63,0 | 0,50-2,00 | 27,0-34,0 |
| NiCu30Al | 2.4374 | ≤0,25 | ≤1,50 | ≤1,00 | ≥63,0 | ≤2,00 | 27,0-34,0 |
| SG-NiCu30MnTi | 2.4377 | ≤0,15 | 2,00-4,00 | ≤1,00 | ≥62,0 | 0,50-2,50 | 28,0-34,0 |
| NiFe44 | 2.4420 | ≤0,05 | ≤0,50 | ≤0,30 | Rest/Bal. | 42,0-46,0 | — |
| NiFe45 | 2.4472 | ≤0,02 | ≤0,60 | ≤0,30 | Rest/Bal. | 44,0-46,0 | — |
| NiFe46 | 2.4475 | ≤0,02 | ≤0,60 | ≤0,30 | Rest/Bal. | 46,0-49,0 | — |
| NiFe47 | 2.4478 | ≤0,02 | ≤0,60 | ≤0,30 | Rest/Bal. | 47,0-50,0 | — |
| NiFe48Cr | 2.4480 | ≤0,02 | ≤1,00 | ≤0,30 | Rest/Bal. | 45,0-48,0 | — |
| NiFe16CuCr | 2.4501 | ≤0,05 | ≤1,00 | ≤0,30 | Rest/Bal. | 15,0-18,0 | 4,00-6,00 |
| NiFe16CuMo | 2.4521 | ≤0,05 | ≤1,00 | ≤0,30 | ≥75,5 | 13,0-17,0 | 4,00-6,00 |
| NiFe16CuMo | 2.4530 | ≤0,05 | ≤1,00 | ≤0,40 | Rest/Bal. | 12,0-16,0 | 4,00-6,00 |
| NiFe15Mo | 2.4541 | ≤0,05 | ≤1,00 | ≤0,30 | ≥78,5 | 14,0-17,0 | — |
Bu kategoriyi kapsayan standartlar
34- DIN / EN1.621 kalite
- UNS425 kalite
- AISI / SAE214 kalite
- AFNOR112 kalite
- BS98 kalite
- JIS93 kalite
- ČSN81 kalite
- GOST78 kalite
- GB75 kalite
- ASTM63 kalite
- PN62 kalite
- ISO53 kalite
- UNI48 kalite
- SS40 kalite
- UNE34 kalite
- SAE AMS32 kalite
- BDS28 kalite
- MSZ24 kalite
- AS / NZS24 kalite
- STAS24 kalite
- ÖNORM21 kalite
- NBN20 kalite
- COPANT19 kalite
- STN15 kalite
- NS14 kalite
- SFS13 kalite
- NEN12 kalite
- CNS6 kalite
- SRPS5 kalite
- ABNT NBR5 kalite
- KS3 kalite
- SANS2 kalite
- NP1 kalite
- SNV1 kalite
Özellik aralıkları
26| Özellik | Birim | Min | Maks | Kaliteler |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ReH | N/mm² | 235 | 960 | 82 |
| Rm | N/mm² | 100 | 3430 | 123 |
| A80 | % | 11 | 20 | 8 |
| KV | J | 27 | 27 | 1 |
| Re | N/mm² | 175 | 1324 | 32 |
| A | % | 6 | 40 | 45 |
| A5 | % | 2 | 28 | 24 |
| Z | % | 15 | 65 | 20 |
| aK | J/cm² | 10 | 10 | 1 |
| KCU | kJ/m² | 200 | 1200 | 12 |
| HB | — | 100 | 363 | 90 |
| HRC | — | 32 | 48 | 3 |
| HRB | — | 25 | 100 | 7 |
| HV | — | 180 | 630 | 13 |
| rho | g/cm³ | 6.8 | 9.22 | 1754 |
| E | GPa | 80 | 219 | 18 |
| alpha | 10^-6/K | 8 | 16.2 | 17 |
| lambda | W/(m·K) | 15 | 78 | 15 |
| cp | J/(kg·K) | 460 | 727 | 16 |
| rho_el | nΩ·m | 170 | 1170 | 8 |
| Ac1 | °C | 723 | 815 | 12 |
| Ac3 | °C | 743 | 920 | 11 |
| Ar3 | °C | 470 | 840 | 10 |
| Ar1 | °C | 370 | 696 | 10 |
| nu | — | 0.26 | 0.275 | 6 |
| K_Ic | MPa·m^0.5 | 14 | 14 | 1 |
Bu kategoride kayıtlı değere sahip 1.754 kalite baz alınarak hesaplanmıştır.
Bileşim aralığı
36| Özellik | Birim | Min | Maks | Kaliteler |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B | % | 0.0005 | 0.1 | 135 |
| C | % | 0.01 | 3.6 | 1498 |
| N | % | 0.007 | 1.4 | 429 |
| O | % | 0.0015 | 0.005 | 16 |
| Mg | % | 0.01 | 0.15 | 6 |
| Al | % | 0.003 | 6.5 | 532 |
| Si | % | 0.01 | 8 | 1448 |
| P | % | 0.004 | 0.4 | 1378 |
| S | % | 0.002 | 0.6 | 1412 |
| Ca | % | 0.015 | 0.015 | 2 |
| Ti | % | 0.01 | 4 | 362 |
| V | % | 0.02 | 4 | 426 |
| Cr | % | 0.03 | 52 | 1167 |
| Mn | % | 0.03 | 26 | 1481 |
| Fe | % | 0.3 | 80.95 | 236 |
| Co | % | 0.05 | 68.7 | 117 |
| Ni | % | 0.03 | 98 | 979 |
| Cu | % | 0.03 | 36.48 | 615 |
| As | % | 0.01 | 0.025 | 5 |
| Se | % | 0.15 | 0.15 | 1 |
| Y | % | 0.05 | 0.15 | 7 |
| Zr | % | 0.01 | 0.5 | 42 |
| Nb | % | 0.004 | 5 | 336 |
| Mo | % | 0.01 | 32 | 890 |
| Sn | % | 0.01 | 0.025 | 10 |
| Sb | % | 0.01 | 0.01 | 2 |
| La | % | 0.005 | 0.2 | 6 |
| Ce | % | 0.03 | 0.08 | 3 |
| Hf | % | 0.15 | 0.15 | 1 |
| Ta | % | 0.05 | 4.5 | 6 |
| W | % | 0.1 | 31 | 109 |
| Pb | % | 0.002 | 0.35 | 24 |
| Bi | % | 0.0001 | 0.0001 | 2 |
| Be | % | 0.1 | 0.3 | 2 |
| H | % | 0.00025 | 0.0025 | 5 |
| H_ppm | ppm | 2.5 | 3 | 2 |
Bu kategoride kayıtlı değere sahip 1.498 kalite baz alınarak hesaplanmıştır.
Isıl işlem
9| İşlem | MinSıcaklık (°C) | MaksSıcaklık (°C) | Kaliteler |
|---|---|---|---|
| tempering | — | — | 9 |
| quenching | 1050 | 1100 | 8 |
| normalizing | 880 | 940 | 6 |
| solution_annealing | — | — | 3 |
| annealing | — | — | 2 |
| soft_annealing | — | — | 2 |
| spheroidize_annealing | — | — | 1 |
| ageing | — | — | 1 |
| stress_relieving | — | — | 1 |