Spring steels
Spring steels are alloy steels designed to store and release elastic energy repeatedly without permanent deformation. They are characterised by a combination of strength, hardness and resilience, making them suitable for springs, clips, washers and other components subjected to repeated flexing or shock.
| Grade | Material no. | C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SK95-CSP | — | 0.9 - 1 | max 0.35 | max 0.5 | max 0.03 | max 0.03 | max 0.2 |
| S55C-CSP | — | 0.52 - 0.58 | 0.15 - 0.35 | 0.6 - 0.9 | max 0.03 | max 0.035 | max 0.2 |
| SK85C-CSP | — | 0.8 - 0.9 | max 0.35 | max 0.5 | max 0.03 | max 0.03 | max 0.3 |
| SWO-V | — | 0.6 - 0.75 | 0.12 - 0.32 | 0.6 - 0.9 | max 0.025 | max 0.025 | — |
| SWO-B | — | 0.53 - 0.88 | 0.1 - 0.35 | 0.3 - 1.2 | max 0.03 | max 0.03 | — |
| SK85-CSP | — | 0.8 - 0.9 | max 0.35 | max 0.5 | max 0.03 | max 0.03 | max 0.2 |
| S50C-CSP | — | 0.47 - 0.53 | 0.15 - 0.35 | 0.6 - 0.9 | max 0.03 | max 0.035 | max 0.2 |
| S70C-CSP | — | 0.65 - 0.75 | 0.15 - 0.35 | 0.6 - 0.9 | max 0.03 | max 0.035 | max 0.2 |
| SUP6 | — | 0.56 - 0.64 | 1.5 - 1.8 | 0.7 - 1 | max 0.03 | max 0.03 | — |
| SWO-A | — | 0.53 - 0.88 | 0.1 - 0.35 | 0.3 - 1.2 | max 0.04 | max 0.04 | — |
| SWOSM | — | 0.56 - 0.64 | 1.5 - 1.8 | 0.7 - 1 | max 0.035 | max 0.035 | — |
| S65C-CSP | — | 0.6 - 0.7 | 0.15 - 0.35 | 0.6 - 0.9 | max 0.03 | max 0.035 | max 0.2 |
| SUP10-CSP | — | 0.47 - 0.55 | 0.15 - 0.35 | 0.65 - 0.95 | max 0.035 | max 0.035 | 0.8 - 1.2 |
| SWOSC-V | — | 0.51 - 0.59 | 1.2 - 1.6 | 0.5 - 0.8 | max 0.025 | max 0.025 | 0.5 - 0.8 |
| SWOSC-B | — | 0.51 - 0.59 | 1.2 - 1.6 | 0.5 - 0.9 | max 0.035 | max 0.035 | 0.55 - 0.9 |
| S60C-CSP | — | 0.55 - 0.65 | 0.15 - 0.35 | 0.6 - 0.9 | max 0.03 | max 0.035 | max 0.2 |
| SK95C-CSP | — | 0.9 - 1 | max 0.35 | max 0.5 | max 0.03 | max 0.03 | max 0.3 |
| SWOCV-V | — | 0.45 - 0.55 | 0.15 - 0.35 | 0.65 - 0.95 | max 0.025 | max 0.025 | 0.8 - 1.1 |
| C67 | 1.0603 | 0,65-0,72 | 0,15-0,35 | 0,60-0,90 | 0,045 | 0,045 | — |
| C75 | 1.0605 | 0,70-0,80 | 0,15-0,35 | 0,60-0,80 | 0,045 | 0,045 | — |
| C76D | 1.0614 | 0,73-0,78 | 0,10-0,30 | 0,50-0,80 | 0,03 | 0,03 | ≤0,15 |
| C86D | 1.0616 | 0,83-0,88 | 0,10-0,30 | 0,50-0,80 | 0,03 | 0,03 | ≤0,15 |
| C60S | 1.1211 | 0,57-0,65 | 0,15-0,35 | 0,60-0,90 | 0,025 | 0,025 | ≤0,40 |
| C67S | 1.1231 | 0,65-0,73 | 0,15-0,35 | 0,60-0,90 | 0,025 | 0,025 | ≤0,40 |
| C75S | 1.1248 | 0,70-0,80 | 0,15-0,35 | 0,60-0,90 | 0,025 | 0,025 | ≤0,40 |
| C78D2 | 1.1252 | 0,76-0,80 | 0,10-0,30 | 0,50-0,70 | 0,02 | 0,025 | ≤0,10 |
| C76D2 | 1.1253 | 0,74-0,78 | 0,10-0,30 | 0,50-0,70 | 0,02 | 0,025 | ≤0,10 |
| C86D2 | 1.1265 | 0,84-0,88 | 0,10-0,30 | 0,50-0,70 | 0,02 | 0,025 | ≤0,10 |
| C85S | 1.1269 | 0,80-0,90 | 0,15-0,35 | 0,40-0,70 | 0,025 | 0,025 | ≤0,40 |
| 1.1274 | 1.1274 | 0,95-1,05 | 0,15-0,35 | 0,30-0,60 | 0,025 | 0,025 | ≤0,40 |
| 38Si6 | 1.5022 | 0,35-0,42 | 1,40-1,60 | 0,50-0,80 | 0,05 | 0,05 | — |
| 38Si7 | 1.5023 | 0,35-0,42 | 1,50-1,80 | 0,50-0,80 | 0,025 | 0,025 | — |
| 46Si7 | 1.5024 | 0,42-0,50 | 1,50-1,80 | 0,50-0,80 | 0,025 | 0,025 | — |
| 51Si7 | 1.5025 | 0,47-0,55 | 1,50-1,80 | 0,50-0,80 | 0,045 | 0,045 | — |
| 56Si7 | 1.5026 | 0,52-0,60 | 1,60-2,00 | 0,60-0,90 | 0,025 | 0,025 | ≤0,40 |
| 60Si7 | 1.5027 | 0,56-0,64 | 1,50-1,80 | 0,70-1,00 | 0,045 | 0,045 | — |
| 65Si7 | 1.5028 | 0,60-0,70 | 1,50-1,80 | 0,70-1,00 | 0,035 | 0,035 | — |
| 71Si7 | 1.5029 | 0,68-0,75 | 1,50-1,80 | 0,60-0,80 | 0,035 | 0,035 | — |
| 60SiMn5 | 1.5142 | 0,55-0,65 | 1,00-1,30 | 0,90-1,10 | 0,05 | 0,05 | — |
| 54SiCr6 | 1.7102 | 0,51-0,59 | 1,20-1,60 | 0,50-0,80 | 0,025 | 0,025 | 0,50-0,80 |
| 67SiCr5 | 1.7103 | 0,62-0,72 | 1,20-1,40 | 0,40-0,60 | 0,035 | 0,035 | 0,40-0,60 |
| 55SiCr6-3 | 1.7104 | 0,50-0,60 | 1,20-1,60 | 0,50-0,90 | 0,03 | 0,025 | 0,50-0,80 |
| 56SiCr7 | 1.7106 | 0,52-0,60 | 1,60-2,00 | 0,70-1,00 | 0,025 | 0,025 | 0,20-0,45 |
| 61SiCr7 | 1.7108 | 0,57-0,65 | 1,60-2,00 | 0,70-1,00 | 0,025 | 0,025 | 0,20-0,45 |
| 52MnCrB3 | 1.7138 | 0,48-0,55 | 0,15-0,35 | 0,75-1,00 | 0,035 | 0,035 | 0,40-0,60 |
| 1.7176 | 1.7176 | 0,52-0,59 | ≤0,40 | 0,70-1,00 | 0,025 | 0,025 | 0,70-1,00 |
| 58CrMnB4 | 1.7190 | 0,58 | 0,3 | 1 | — | — | 0,9 |
| 52CrMoV4 | 1.7701 | 0,48-0,56 | ≤0,40 | 0,70-1,10 | 0,025 | 0,025 | 0,90-1,20 |
| 45CrMoV6-7 | 1.7737 | 0,40-0,50 | 0,15-0,35 | 0,60-0,80 | 0,035 | 0,035 | 1,30-1,50 |
| 46SiCrMo6 | 1.8062 | 0,42-0,50 | 1,30-1,70 | 0,50-0,80 | 0,025 | 0,025 | 0,50-0,80 |
Standards covering this category
25- DIN / EN34 grades
- JIS31 grades
- AISI / SAE26 grades
- UNS25 grades
- GOST18 grades
- KS16 grades
- AFNOR15 grades
- BS14 grades
- PN14 grades
- SRPS11 grades
- ISO10 grades
- GB10 grades
- ČSN10 grades
- UNI9 grades
- COPANT8 grades
- BDS8 grades
- STAS7 grades
- ABNT NBR6 grades
- SS5 grades
- STN5 grades
- UNE4 grades
- AS / NZS4 grades
- NBN2 grades
- ASTM1 grade
- MSZ1 grade
Property ranges
14| Property | Unit | Min | Max | Grades |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rm | N/mm² | 620 | 2160 | 18 |
| A80 | % | 12 | 17 | 6 |
| Re | N/mm² | 440 | 1325 | 6 |
| A5 | % | 6 | 21 | 6 |
| Z | % | 25 | 45 | 9 |
| KCU | kJ/m² | 160 | 160 | 1 |
| HB | — | 200 | 321 | 12 |
| HV | — | 180 | 630 | 16 |
| rho | g/cm³ | 7.43 | 7.85 | 34 |
| E | GPa | 191 | 196 | 4 |
| Ac1 | °C | 720 | 765 | 6 |
| Ac3 | °C | 730 | 810 | 6 |
| Ar3 | °C | 770 | 770 | 1 |
| Ar1 | °C | 690 | 700 | 4 |
Derived from 34 grades in this category with a recorded value.
Composition range
13| Property | Unit | Min | Max | Grades |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| B | % | 0.0008 | 0.0008 | 1 |
| C | % | 0.35 | 1.05 | 52 |
| N | % | 0.007 | 0.007 | 8 |
| Al | % | 0.01 | 0.01 | 5 |
| Si | % | 0.1 | 2 | 50 |
| P | % | 0.02 | 0.05 | 51 |
| S | % | 0.025 | 0.05 | 51 |
| V | % | 0.1 | 0.35 | 4 |
| Cr | % | 0.1 | 1.5 | 35 |
| Mn | % | 0.3 | 1.2 | 52 |
| Ni | % | 0.1 | 0.4 | 20 |
| Cu | % | 0.12 | 0.3 | 20 |
| Mo | % | 0.03 | 0.75 | 14 |
Derived from 52 grades in this category with a recorded value.
Heat treatment
2| Operation | MinTemperature (°C) | MaxTemperature (°C) | Grades |
|---|---|---|---|
| quenching | — | — | 1 |
| tempering | — | — | 1 |